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UKPSC Lecturer Syllabus 2025 – Overview
| Conducting Body | Uttarakhand Public Service Commission (UKPSC) |
| Exam Name | Uttarakhand Special Subordinate Education Service Examination 2025 |
| Post Name | Lecturer |
| Total Vacancies | 613 (550 for General Branch & 63 for Women Branch) |
| Selection Process | Written Exam, Interview |
| Category | Syllabus and Exam Pattern |
| Official Website | psc.uk.gov.in |
UKPSC Lecturer Geography Syllabus 2025
Geography :
Geography as a discipline
1. Definition, Geography as science of distribution, as science of spatial differentiation and as an integrating discipline
2. Subject matter of Geography
3. Primary braches of Geography- Physical and Human
4. Main viewpoints in Geography- Determinism, Possibilism, Neo-determinism and Probablism
5. Applicability of the discipline
Physical Geography
Geomorphology
1. Origin and evolution of the earth, interior of earth, continental drift theory and the concept of plate tectonics
2. Causes and consequences of earthquakes and volcanoes
3. Major rock types and minerals- their characteristics and distribution
4. Types of landforms: Agents, processes and associated features
5. Geomorphic processes- denudation, weathering, mass wasting, erosion, deposition
6. Process of soil formation
Climatology
1. Composition and structure of atmosphere
2. Insolation – angle of incidence and distribution, heat budget of the earth, factors affecting the heating and cooling of the earth e.g. conduction, convection, terrestrial radiation and advection
3. Elements of weather and climate
4. Temperature- controlling factors, horizontal and vertical distribution, inversion of temperature
5. Atmospheric pressure, pressure belts, general circulation of winds-local and seasonal winds, Air masses and air fronts, monsoon mechanism, type of cyclones, Impact of El-nino and La-nina
6. The nature and form of precipitation, evaporation and condensationclouds, dew, frost, fog and mist, world distribution of rainfall
7. Classification of climates of the world (Koeppen and Thornthwaite)
8. Global warming and climate change, Causes, consequences and remedial measures related to climate change
Hydrosphere
1. Basic aspects of Oceanography
2. Hydrological cycle
3. Distribution of temperature and salinity of oceans
4. Relief features of ocean basins
5. Movements of ocean water- currents, waves and tides
6. Ocean resources and problems of ocean pollution
Biosphere
1. Earth as giant biosphere
2. Concept of environment and ecology, components of environment
3. Biodiversity-types, importance and conservation; definition and types of ecosystems
4. Anthropogenic influence on environment, pollution, conservation and management of ecosystems, ecological balance
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
Physical Characteristics
1. Location, space relations, structure, relief and physiographic divisions of India
2. Drainage pattern of India, concept of river basin and watershed, rivers of Uttarakhand
3. Climatic characteristics: distribution of temperature (spatial and temporal), pressure system, winds, rainfall pattern and seasonal characteristics, Indian Monsoon-characteristics and mechanism, types of climate (Koeppen)
4. Natural vegetation- vegetation regions, forest cover, wildlife, conservation of vegetation and wildlife-biosphere reserves, national parks and wildlife centuries
5. Major soil types and their distribution (according to ICAR classification), problems of soil erosion and degradation, soil conservation
6. Causes, consequences, mitigation and management of natural hazards and disasters- floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, Tsunami and landslides, natural hazards of Uttarakhand
Human Characteristics
1. Population- Pattern of distribution, density and growth, factors influencing various population characteristics, composition of population: sex ratio, ruralurban, religious, linguistic, scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population, occupational structure of population
2. Regional, national and international migration of population, pattern, causes and consequences of migration pattern of Indian population, migration in Uttarakhand
3. Types and distribution of rural and urban settlements, functional classification of urban settlements, problems of urbanization
Resources
1. Natural resources- concept, types and distribution
2. Land resources- important factors of land use pattern
3. Water resources- potential, availability and utilization, uses of waterirrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses, problem of water scarcity, management and conservation of water resources- appropriate techniques, watershed management and rainwater harvesting, water management in mountain region
4. Mineral resources- distribution of metallic and non-metallic resources, study of Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese, Mica, Salt etc
5. Energy resources- classification, importance and distribution of conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and Non-conventional (solar, wind, biogas) resources, management and conservation of energy resources
Economic Activities
1. Agricultural land use pattern, Geographical conditions and major crops of India (Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Tea, Coffee and Ruber), agricultural development and its regional pattern, problems and solutions of agriculture
2. Industries- importance and types, factors of industrial location, distribution and changing pattern of important industries-iron and steel, cotton textile, sugar, petrochemicals, information-technology based industries, industrial regions and clusters, Impact of privatization and globalization on industries
3. Transport and communication network- roads, railways, inland -waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines, communication networks
4. Nature of India’s foreign trade and its changing pattern, role and hinterland of sea ports, importance and role of airports in foreign trade
5. Planning in India- history of planning in India, highlights of 12th five year plan, types of planning- area and sectoral planning, sustainable developmentconcept and indicators
6. Geographical perspective on selected issues- environmental degradation, water pollution, deforestation, drying of springs, urban-waste management, rural-urban migration, problems of slums etc
Human Geography
1. Definition, nature and scope of human geography
2. Population: distribution, density and growth, age and sex composition, rural and urban composition, Changing structure and spatial pattern of population, determinants of population change
3. Concept and indicators of human development, international comparison
4. Economic Activities- classification, Primary activities- concept and changing trends; gathering, lumbering, pastoral, animal husbandry, mining, fishing; subsistence and intensive agriculture; role of agricultural and allied activities in economy of different countries of world
5. Secondary activities- concept and changing trends, types of industrieshousehold, small and large scale, agro-based and mineral based industries, population engaged in secondary activities-examples from selected countries
6. Tertiary activities-concept and changing trends, trade, transport, tourism, services; population engaged in tertiary activities-examples from selected countries
7. Quaternary activities- concept, information technology based activities, population engaged in quaternary activities-examples from selected countries
8. International trade-nature and changing pattern, role of ports in international trade, role of World Trade Organization
9. Oceans- importance, national rights, international treaties
10. Transport and Communication- roads, railway, air and water transport; trans-continental railways, major ocean routes, inland waterways, international air routes; oil and gas pipelines
11. Means of communication-traditional, mobile telephony, internet, satellite communication and cyber space, importance and use of geographical information, use of Global Positioning System
12. Human Settlements-Types and pattern of rural and urban settlement, morphology of cities, mega cities, problem of settlements in developing countries
CARTOGRAPHY and MAP WORK
1. Scale-importance and types of scale, construction of simple, comparative and diagonal scale
2. Importance, use and types of maps, conventional signs and their use, measurement of distance, finding location and distance
3. Geo-spatial data-concept and types (point, line and area data)
4. Map projection: latitude, longitude, types of projections, construction and properties of conical and Mercator’s projection
5. Topographical maps- identification, scale, area, contours and their cross sections, identification of landforms, interpretation of land use, thematic maps
6. Aerial photographs – types, geometrical characteristics, scale, difference between maps and aerial photographs, identification of physical and cultural features
7. Remote sensing- importance and products (aerial photos, satellite imageries), stages in remote sensing data acquisition and processing, satellite sensors and data products
8. Use of weather instruments: thermometer (wet and dry bulb), barometer, wind vane and rain gauge, interpretation of weather maps
9. Significance of field study
10. Mapping and identification of different features and activities mentioned in syllabus (physical/human/Indian geography sections)
Geography as a discipline
1. Definition, Geography as science of distribution, as science of spatial differentiation and as an integrating discipline
2. Subject matter of Geography
3. Primary braches of Geography- Physical and Human
4. Main viewpoints in Geography- Determinism, Possibilism, Neo-determinism and Probablism
5. Applicability of the discipline
Physical Geography
Geomorphology
1. Origin and evolution of the earth, interior of earth, continental drift theory and the concept of plate tectonics
2. Causes and consequences of earthquakes and volcanoes
3. Major rock types and minerals- their characteristics and distribution
4. Types of landforms: Agents, processes and associated features
5. Geomorphic processes- denudation, weathering, mass wasting, erosion, deposition
6. Process of soil formation
Climatology
1. Composition and structure of atmosphere
2. Insolation – angle of incidence and distribution, heat budget of the earth, factors affecting the heating and cooling of the earth e.g. conduction, convection, terrestrial radiation and advection
3. Elements of weather and climate
4. Temperature- controlling factors, horizontal and vertical distribution, inversion of temperature
5. Atmospheric pressure, pressure belts, general circulation of winds-local and seasonal winds, Air masses and air fronts, monsoon mechanism, type of cyclones, Impact of El-nino and La-nina
6. The nature and form of precipitation, evaporation and condensationclouds, dew, frost, fog and mist, world distribution of rainfall
7. Classification of climates of the world (Koeppen and Thornthwaite)
8. Global warming and climate change, Causes, consequences and remedial measures related to climate change
Hydrosphere
1. Basic aspects of Oceanography
2. Hydrological cycle
3. Distribution of temperature and salinity of oceans
4. Relief features of ocean basins
5. Movements of ocean water- currents, waves and tides
6. Ocean resources and problems of ocean pollution
Biosphere
1. Earth as giant biosphere
2. Concept of environment and ecology, components of environment
3. Biodiversity-types, importance and conservation; definition and types of ecosystems
4. Anthropogenic influence on environment, pollution, conservation and management of ecosystems, ecological balance
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
Physical Characteristics
1. Location, space relations, structure, relief and physiographic divisions of India
2. Drainage pattern of India, concept of river basin and watershed, rivers of Uttarakhand
3. Climatic characteristics: distribution of temperature (spatial and temporal), pressure system, winds, rainfall pattern and seasonal characteristics, Indian Monsoon-characteristics and mechanism, types of climate (Koeppen)
4. Natural vegetation- vegetation regions, forest cover, wildlife, conservation of vegetation and wildlife-biosphere reserves, national parks and wildlife centuries
5. Major soil types and their distribution (according to ICAR classification), problems of soil erosion and degradation, soil conservation
6. Causes, consequences, mitigation and management of natural hazards and disasters- floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, Tsunami and landslides, natural hazards of Uttarakhand
Human Characteristics
1. Population- Pattern of distribution, density and growth, factors influencing various population characteristics, composition of population: sex ratio, ruralurban, religious, linguistic, scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population, occupational structure of population
2. Regional, national and international migration of population, pattern, causes and consequences of migration pattern of Indian population, migration in Uttarakhand
3. Types and distribution of rural and urban settlements, functional classification of urban settlements, problems of urbanization
Resources
1. Natural resources- concept, types and distribution
2. Land resources- important factors of land use pattern
3. Water resources- potential, availability and utilization, uses of waterirrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses, problem of water scarcity, management and conservation of water resources- appropriate techniques, watershed management and rainwater harvesting, water management in mountain region
4. Mineral resources- distribution of metallic and non-metallic resources, study of Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese, Mica, Salt etc
5. Energy resources- classification, importance and distribution of conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and Non-conventional (solar, wind, biogas) resources, management and conservation of energy resources
Economic Activities
1. Agricultural land use pattern, Geographical conditions and major crops of India (Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Tea, Coffee and Ruber), agricultural development and its regional pattern, problems and solutions of agriculture
2. Industries- importance and types, factors of industrial location, distribution and changing pattern of important industries-iron and steel, cotton textile, sugar, petrochemicals, information-technology based industries, industrial regions and clusters, Impact of privatization and globalization on industries
3. Transport and communication network- roads, railways, inland -waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines, communication networks
4. Nature of India’s foreign trade and its changing pattern, role and hinterland of sea ports, importance and role of airports in foreign trade
5. Planning in India- history of planning in India, highlights of 12th five year plan, types of planning- area and sectoral planning, sustainable developmentconcept and indicators
6. Geographical perspective on selected issues- environmental degradation, water pollution, deforestation, drying of springs, urban-waste management, rural-urban migration, problems of slums etc
Human Geography
1. Definition, nature and scope of human geography
2. Population: distribution, density and growth, age and sex composition, rural and urban composition, Changing structure and spatial pattern of population, determinants of population change
3. Concept and indicators of human development, international comparison
4. Economic Activities- classification, Primary activities- concept and changing trends; gathering, lumbering, pastoral, animal husbandry, mining, fishing; subsistence and intensive agriculture; role of agricultural and allied activities in economy of different countries of world
5. Secondary activities- concept and changing trends, types of industrieshousehold, small and large scale, agro-based and mineral based industries, population engaged in secondary activities-examples from selected countries
6. Tertiary activities-concept and changing trends, trade, transport, tourism, services; population engaged in tertiary activities-examples from selected countries
7. Quaternary activities- concept, information technology based activities, population engaged in quaternary activities-examples from selected countries
8. International trade-nature and changing pattern, role of ports in international trade, role of World Trade Organization
9. Oceans- importance, national rights, international treaties
10. Transport and Communication- roads, railway, air and water transport; trans-continental railways, major ocean routes, inland waterways, international air routes; oil and gas pipelines
11. Means of communication-traditional, mobile telephony, internet, satellite communication and cyber space, importance and use of geographical information, use of Global Positioning System
12. Human Settlements-Types and pattern of rural and urban settlement, morphology of cities, mega cities, problem of settlements in developing countries
CARTOGRAPHY and MAP WORK
1. Scale-importance and types of scale, construction of simple, comparative and diagonal scale
2. Importance, use and types of maps, conventional signs and their use, measurement of distance, finding location and distance
3. Geo-spatial data-concept and types (point, line and area data)
4. Map projection: latitude, longitude, types of projections, construction and properties of conical and Mercator’s projection
5. Topographical maps- identification, scale, area, contours and their cross sections, identification of landforms, interpretation of land use, thematic maps
6. Aerial photographs – types, geometrical characteristics, scale, difference between maps and aerial photographs, identification of physical and cultural features
7. Remote sensing- importance and products (aerial photos, satellite imageries), stages in remote sensing data acquisition and processing, satellite sensors and data products
8. Use of weather instruments: thermometer (wet and dry bulb), barometer, wind vane and rain gauge, interpretation of weather maps
9. Significance of field study
10. Mapping and identification of different features and activities mentioned in syllabus (physical/human/Indian geography sections)
UKPSC Lecturer Geography Exam Pattern 2025
Second Stage :
Duration : 120 Minutes
Negative Marking : 0.25
| S.No. | Subject | No.of Question | Marks |
| 1 | Concerned Subject (Geography) | 200 | 200 |
| Total | 200 | 200 |
